Payroll automation using RPA plays a crucial role in ensuring compliance by reducing the likelihood of errors and enforcing consistent application of payroll rules and regulations. RPA helps automate tasks such as tax calculations, deductions, and reporting, ensuring accuracy and compliance with changing tax laws and payroll regulations. By implementing RPA in payroll processes, organizations can minimize compliance risks, improve data accuracy, and streamline regulatory adherence, ultimately enhancing the overall compliance framework within the payroll operations.